Metformin is used for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus in adults, especially in overweight patients who have not reached adequate control of blood glucose using only diet and exercise. It may be used alone or in combination with other oral hypoglycemic agents.

Uses of Metformin

Type II Diabetes

Metformin is prescribed for adults with type II diabetes mellitus, particularly when diet and exercise alone are insufficient. It can be used as monotherapy or alongside other oral hypoglycemic agents.

Type I Diabetes

Metformin may be used in combination with insulin for patients with type I diabetes mellitus.

Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

Metformin reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with proven coronary atherosclerosis (ACA).

Dosage and Administration

The prescribed initial dose is 1 g daily. After 10–15 days, the dose may be adjusted based on blood glucose levels. The average maintenance dose is 1.5–2 g per day, with a maximum of 3 g per day.

To reduce digestive side effects, the daily dose should be divided into 2–3 doses. Tablets are taken whole during or immediately after food intake with plenty of fluids. The 850 mg tablets may be divided if needed.

Key Points at a Glance

• Used for type II diabetes in adults, especially when diet and exercise are not enough
• Can be combined with insulin for type I diabetes
• Reduces cardiovascular risk in patients with coronary atherosclerosis
• Initial dose: 1 g daily; maintenance: 1.5–2 g/day; maximum: 3 g/day
• Take with food and plenty of fluids to minimize side effects

Metformin has been used to treat diabetes for more than 40 years and remains a cornerstone of diabetes management worldwide.